Dynamic Stress Analysis of Turbocharger Blades under High-Velocity Impact Load

Abstract

The turbocharger fails due to high pressure and rotational speed. To examine the stress placed on the turbocharger's turbine blade, the analysis focused specifically on the turbine's relation to a 118 kW engine used in automobiles. The turbine operates at a rotational speed of 10000 r.p.m. In calculating the turbine design, factors such as pressure, quantity, breadth, tangential force, mass flow rate, radial force, and the input and output of the blades were considered. The turbine blade design included twelve blades. SolidWorks software was used to study and model the turbine blade of the turbo-engine, and a suitable finite element model was developed. In this project, the turbocharger turbine wheel, with configurations of 8, 10, and 12 blades, was designed and optimized for material selection. When subjected to the same pressure and speed, the Von Mises stress and deformation data were analyzed, comparing aluminum alloys (2618-T61 and 7075-T6), alloy steel, and copper alloys (manganese bronze). The results showed that the turbine wheel experienced minimal Von Mises stress of 175.8 MPa in aluminum alloy (2618-T61) with 12 blades at a ball velocity of 50 m/s, a minimum equivalent elastic strain of 1.503 in alloy steel with 8 blades, and a minimum total deformation of 6.138×10⁻² mm in alloy steel with 8 blades at a ball velocity of 50 m/s. Therefore, aluminum alloy (2618-T61) with 12 blades was determined to be the most suitable material and configuration for the turbine blade wheel.